Richard Wayne Penniman  (December 5, 1932 – May 9, 2020), better known as  Little Richard , was an American singer, songwriter, and musician. An influential figure in  popular music , Richard's most celebrated work dates from the mid-1950s, when his dynamic music and charismatic showmanship laid the foundation for  rock and roll , leading him to be given the nickname " The Innovator, The Originator, and The Architect of Rock and Roll ". Characterized by his frenetic piano playing and raspy singing voice, Richard's music also played a key role in the formation of other popular music genres, including  soul and  funk . He influenced numerous singers and musicians across musical genres from  rock  to  hip hop , and his music helped shape  rhythm and blues  for generations to come.